Based on events in 1890s Nagasaki, Madama Butterfly was originally composed by Giacomo Puccini and first performed in 1904. After numerous revisions, the fifth 'standard' version went on to become the seventh most popular opera performed worldwide today. Anthony Minghella's critically acclaimed version of the opera won him an Olivier Award, with its mix of cinematic images and traditional Japanese theatre.

This collection of papers relating to the production includes personal correspondence, photographs, articles, research and recordings. Note that Minghella's English version of the opera is referred to as 'Madam' Butterfly in his papers as opposed to 'Madama' or 'Madame'.